How to Replace Piano Key Tops: A Step-by-Step Guide

Updated at: 12/06/2025

The ivory keys of a piano, gleaming under the lamplight, are more than just a visual delight; they're the heart of the instrument's expressive capabilities. Years of playing, however, can take their toll, leaving keys chipped, discolored, or worn down. This can not only affect the aesthetic appeal of your piano but also impact the playing experience. Fortunately, replacing worn key tops is a manageable task, even for those with limited experience in piano repair. A little patience and the right tools can restore your instrument to its former glory.

This guide offers a comprehensive, step-by-step process for replacing piano key tops, allowing you to rejuvenate your instrument and enjoy the satisfying result of a DIY repair. Whether your keys are simply dull or significantly damaged, we'll walk you through the necessary steps, from careful removal and preparation to the final installation of new key tops, ensuring a professional-looking finish. Let's begin!

Preparation and Safety Guidelines

Tools Needed
  • Sharp knife
  • Chisel
  • Sanding block
  • PVC glue
  • Metal file
Safety Guidelines
  • Always disconnect the power to the piano before starting any work. This prevents electric shock and damage to internal components.
  • Work carefully and slowly to avoid damaging the key itself or the underlying mechanism. Use the right tools and avoid excessive force.
  • Take photos or videos of the process as you go. This helps if you encounter issues during reassembly or need to refer back to the previous steps.

Step-by-Step Instructions

  1. Prepare the Key

    • Remove the old key top using a sharp knife to get under the edge and pry it off.
    • Remove the old front using a knife or chisel.
    • Sand the surface of the key to remove old glue and ensure a smooth, flat surface.
    Sand the surface of the key to remove old glue and ensure a smooth, flat surface.Sand the surface of the key to remove old glue and ensure a smooth, flat surface.Sand the surface of the key to remove old glue and ensure a smooth, flat surface.
    Prepare the Key

  2. Test Fit the New Key Top

    • Check the fit of the new key top, ensuring the head is even on the sides. Any overhang should be on the inside of the notch.
    Check the fit of the new key top, ensuring the head is even on the sides. Any overhang should be on the inside of the notch.
    Test Fit the New Key Top

  3. Apply Adhesive and Attach New Key Top

    • Apply a thin bead of PVC glue along the top and a slightly thicker bead on the head of the key top.
    • Position the new key top and apply pressure to ensure a secure bond and to push the front up against the key.
    • Wipe off any excess glue immediately.
    Wipe off any excess glue immediately.Wipe off any excess glue immediately.Wipe off any excess glue immediately.
    Apply Adhesive and Attach New Key Top

  4. Cure and Finish

    • Let the glue set overnight.
    • File the excess key top material until flush with the wood, being careful not to scratch the key top.
    File the excess key top material until flush with the wood, being careful not to scratch the key top.File the excess key top material until flush with the wood, being careful not to scratch the key top.
    Cure and Finish

Read more: How to Replace Piano Tuning Pins: A Step-by-Step Guide

Tips

  • Use a modified metal file (ground off the sharp edge) to avoid removing too much material when filing.
  • Apply a thin layer of glue to avoid excess oozing.
  • Clean up excess glue immediately while it's still wet.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Using the Wrong Adhesive

Reason: Incorrect adhesive can lead to the key top becoming loose or the adhesive failing over time, requiring further repairs.
Solution: Use a specialized piano key top adhesive designed for the material of the key tops and the piano's finish.

2. Improper Alignment and Positioning

Reason: Misaligned key tops create uneven gaps and an unprofessional appearance; they may also affect playability.
Solution: Carefully align the key tops with the existing keys before applying adhesive, ensuring consistent spacing.

FAQs

What type of key tops should I use?
Use key tops specifically designed for your piano's type of keys (ivory, plastic, etc.). Matching the material and size is crucial for a proper fit and function. Consult a piano parts supplier for assistance if unsure.
Do I need any special tools?
Yes, you'll need specialized tools like key pullers, small screwdrivers, and possibly clamps. Using the incorrect tools could damage the keys or the piano action. A well-equipped piano repair kit is highly recommended.
Can I replace only some of the key tops, or do I need to replace all of them?
You can replace individual key tops, but for the sake of consistency in appearance and feel, it's often best to replace all the keys on the same octave or even the entire keyboard. Replacing just a few might create noticeable differences in color and texture.
Before we dive into replacing your piano key tops, it's worth noting that regular piano maintenance is crucial for preserving its tone and longevity. This includes periodic tuning, and having the right tools for the job makes all the difference. For those interested in upgrading their tuning supplies, check out our guide on the best piano tuning toolkits available. With the right tools, you'll be well-equipped to maintain your piano even as you undertake projects like replacing key tops.